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Mathlib.Algebra.Homology.HomologySequence

The homology sequence #

If 0 ⟶ X₁ ⟶ X₂ ⟶ X₃ ⟶ 0 is a short exact sequence in a category of complexes HomologicalComplex C c in an abelian category (i.e. S is a short complex in that category and satisfies hS : S.ShortExact), then whenever i and j are degrees such that hij : c.Rel i j, then there is a long exact sequence : ... ⟶ S.X₁.homology i ⟶ S.X₂.homology i ⟶ S.X₃.homology i ⟶ S.X₁.homology j ⟶ .... The connecting homomorphism S.X₃.homology i ⟶ S.X₁.homology j is hS.δ i j hij, and the exactness is asserted as lemmas hS.homology_exact₁, hS.homology_exact₂ and hS.homology_exact₃.

The proof is based on the snake lemma, similarly as it was originally done in the Liquid Tensor Experiment.

References #

The morphism K.opcycles i ⟶ K.cycles j that is induced by K.d i j.

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    The natural transformation K.opcyclesToCycles i j : K.opcycles i ⟶ K.cycles j for all K : HomologicalComplex C c.

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      The diagram K.homology i ⟶ K.opcycles i ⟶ K.cycles j ⟶ K.homology j.

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        The diagram K.homology i ⟶ K.opcycles i ⟶ K.cycles j ⟶ K.homology j is exact when c.Rel i j.

        The functor HomologicalComplex C c ⥤ ComposableArrows C 3 that maps K to the diagram K.homology i ⟶ K.opcycles i ⟶ K.cycles j ⟶ K.homology j.

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          If X₁ ⟶ X₂ ⟶ X₃ ⟶ 0 is an exact sequence of homological complexes, then X₁.opcycles i ⟶ X₂.opcycles i ⟶ X₃.opcycles i ⟶ 0 is exact. This lemma states the exactness at X₂.opcycles i, while the fact that X₂.opcycles i ⟶ X₃.opcycles i is an epi is an instance.

          If 0 ⟶ X₁ ⟶ X₂ ⟶ X₃ is an exact sequence of homological complex, then 0 ⟶ X₁.cycles i ⟶ X₂.cycles i ⟶ X₃.cycles i is exact. This lemma states the exactness at X₂.cycles i, while the fact that X₁.cycles i ⟶ X₂.cycles i is a mono is an instance.

          Given a short exact short complex S : HomologicalComplex C c, and degrees i and j such that c.Rel i j, this is the snake diagram whose four lines are respectively obtained by applying the functors homologyFunctor C c i, opcyclesFunctor C c i, cyclesFunctor C c j, homologyFunctor C c j to S. Applying the snake lemma to this gives the homology sequence of S.

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            noncomputable def CategoryTheory.ShortComplex.ShortExact.δ {C : Type u_1} {ι : Type u_2} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] [Abelian C] {c : ComplexShape ι} {S : ShortComplex (HomologicalComplex C c)} (hS : S.ShortExact) (i j : ι) (hij : c.Rel i j) :

            The connecting homoomorphism S.X₃.homology i ⟶ S.X₁.homology j for a short exact short complex S.

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              @[simp]
              theorem CategoryTheory.ShortComplex.ShortExact.δ_comp {C : Type u_1} {ι : Type u_2} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] [Abelian C] {c : ComplexShape ι} {S : ShortComplex (HomologicalComplex C c)} (hS : S.ShortExact) (i j : ι) (hij : c.Rel i j) :
              @[simp]
              theorem CategoryTheory.ShortComplex.ShortExact.comp_δ {C : Type u_1} {ι : Type u_2} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] [Abelian C] {c : ComplexShape ι} {S : ShortComplex (HomologicalComplex C c)} (hS : S.ShortExact) (i j : ι) (hij : c.Rel i j) :
              theorem CategoryTheory.ShortComplex.ShortExact.homology_exact₁ {C : Type u_1} {ι : Type u_2} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] [Abelian C] {c : ComplexShape ι} {S : ShortComplex (HomologicalComplex C c)} (hS : S.ShortExact) (i j : ι) (hij : c.Rel i j) :

              Exactness of S.X₃.homology i ⟶ S.X₁.homology j ⟶ S.X₂.homology j.

              Exactness of S.X₁.homology i ⟶ S.X₂.homology i ⟶ S.X₃.homology i.

              theorem CategoryTheory.ShortComplex.ShortExact.homology_exact₃ {C : Type u_1} {ι : Type u_2} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] [Abelian C] {c : ComplexShape ι} {S : ShortComplex (HomologicalComplex C c)} (hS : S.ShortExact) (i j : ι) (hij : c.Rel i j) :

              Exactness of S.X₂.homology i ⟶ S.X₃.homology i ⟶ S.X₁.homology j.

              theorem CategoryTheory.ShortComplex.ShortExact.δ_eq' {C : Type u_1} {ι : Type u_2} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] [Abelian C] {c : ComplexShape ι} {S : ShortComplex (HomologicalComplex C c)} (hS : S.ShortExact) (i j : ι) (hij : c.Rel i j) {A : C} (x₃ : A S.X₃.homology i) (x₂ : A S.X₂.opcycles i) (x₁ : A S.X₁.cycles j) (h₂ : CategoryStruct.comp x₂ (HomologicalComplex.opcyclesMap S.g i) = CategoryStruct.comp x₃ (S.X₃.homologyι i)) (h₁ : CategoryStruct.comp x₁ (HomologicalComplex.cyclesMap S.f j) = CategoryStruct.comp x₂ (S.X₂.opcyclesToCycles i j)) :
              theorem CategoryTheory.ShortComplex.ShortExact.δ_eq {C : Type u_1} {ι : Type u_2} [Category.{u_3, u_1} C] [Abelian C] {c : ComplexShape ι} {S : ShortComplex (HomologicalComplex C c)} (hS : S.ShortExact) (i j : ι) (hij : c.Rel i j) {A : C} (x₃ : A S.X₃.X i) (hx₃ : CategoryStruct.comp x₃ (S.X₃.d i j) = 0) (x₂ : A S.X₂.X i) (hx₂ : CategoryStruct.comp x₂ (S.g.f i) = x₃) (x₁ : A S.X₁.X j) (hx₁ : CategoryStruct.comp x₁ (S.f.f j) = CategoryStruct.comp x₂ (S.X₂.d i j)) (k : ι) (hk : c.next j = k) :
              CategoryStruct.comp (S.X₃.liftCycles x₃ j hx₃) (CategoryStruct.comp (S.X₃.homologyπ i) (hS.δ i j hij)) = CategoryStruct.comp (S.X₁.liftCycles x₁ k hk ) (S.X₁.homologyπ j)